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Introduction: Bergenin is a C-glucoside derivative of gallic acid which is mostly presented in the plants, genus of Mallotus, Bergenia, and Ardisia. Bergenin has been claimed to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperglycemic activities. Ethanol is mostly metabolized by two pathways in the liver including alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol oxidation system. Each of these pathways could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in an imbalance of the oxidant-antioxidant system in human body, followed by oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate an impact of bergenin on plasma ROS level, transcriptional regulation and activity of hepatic antioxidative enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in ethanol-induced oxidative stress in mice. Methods: The 7-week-old male ICR mice were given ethanol (p.o., 2 g/kg/day for the first 3 days and 1.5 g/kg/day for the 4 days later) in combination with bergenin (p.o., 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg/day) or gallic acid (positive control, p.o., 100 mg/kg/day) for 7 consecutive days while the control group was simply received water. The level of ROS in plasma, the expression of CuZn-Sod, Mn-Sod, Cat, and Gpx mRNAs and the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in mouse livers were determined. Results: Ethanol increased the plasma ROS level and disturbed antioxidative enzymes in the mouse livers with a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of CuZn-Sod, Mn-Sod, Cat, and Gpx, following an excessive depletion of SOD, CAT, and GPx activities in the mouse livers, compared to the control group (p<0.05). Bergenin equivalently exhibited antioxidative potential as the standard antioxidant gallic acid to reduce the plasma ROS level and increase the hepatic CuZn-Sod, Mn-Sod, Cat, and Gpx mRNA to the normal level in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, bergenin dose-dependently elevated the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx enzymes in the ethanol-induced oxidative stress in mouse livers. Conclusion: Bergenin improves hepatic activity of antioxidative enzymes through the maintenance of hepatic expression of antioxidative genes, CuZn-Sod, Mn-Sod, Cat, and Gpx, in the ethanol-induced oxidative stress in mice, comparable to gallic acid. Therefore, bergenin is an ultimate candidate for further development as an antioxidative/hepatoprotective agent. |
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