| Abstract |
The Thai red junglefowl (Gallus gallus gallus) has hereditary genetics, which should be preserved under biodiversity since the Thai red junglefowl population is declining. For the preservation of Thai red junglefowl’s genetics, this study was conducted in the following manner: 1) the morphology was investigated by surveying and interviewing participants from four different villages and four wildlife breeding centers, and 2) the classification of Thai red junglefowl was analyzed using the molecular technique, in which a total of 104 blood samples were collected for DNA sampling. The DNA stripes were analyzed for allele frequencies and genetic distance. Results showed that the morphological appearance of the Thai red junglefowl is white earlobes and black shanks, and at about 8 months of age, males develop reddish-brown feathers. Females develop grayish-brown feathers on the back and the neck. The characteristics of the Thai red junglefowl from Srisaket province (WJFSSK) has a short and rounded tail, in which the shank and the body are heavier than the Thai red junglefowl from Yasothon province (WJFYST). Variation of microsatellite DNA indicated that the DNA bands varied between 113-411 bp. The MCW183 had the highest variation accounting for 26 alleles, and the MCW0123 showed the lowest diversity (10 alleles). The genetic distance analysis by Nei's genetic distance revealed that WJFYST and Burmese red junglefowl from Phu Khieo Wildlife Captive Breeding Centre (RJFPK) had the highest genetic distance was 4.887. WJFSSK and Thai red junglefowl from Khun Han district, Srisaket province (WJF) had a close genetic distance of 2.016. Consequently, the phylogenetic tree was separated into 4 groups of chickens: Group 1 native chickens, group 2 WJFYST, group 3 RJFPK, and group 4 WJF and WJFSSK. The finding suggests that the evolution of WJF and WJFSSK have evolved close to RJFPK more than WJFYST.
Keywords: Morphology, Microsatellite DNA, Thai Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus gallus)
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Publication
Journal Publication
ไทย