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Publication
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| Title of Article |
Effect of Environmental Factors on Water and Excreta Temperature in Pipe with Various Material and Configuration |
| Date of Acceptance |
1 August 2018 |
| Journal |
| Title of Journal |
วารสารวิจัยสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น |
| Standard |
TCI |
| Institute of Journal |
คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น |
| ISBN/ISSN |
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| Volume |
11 |
| Issue |
2 |
| Month |
เมษายน-มิถุนายน 2561 |
| Year of Publication |
2018 |
| Page |
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| Abstract |
Aims: 1) To compare internal temperature of four experimental materials: PVC, iron, stainless steel and aluminum in a 3x2 experimental configuration: three pipe configurations--unpainted, painted black, and painted black with parabolic reflector and two media-- water and excreta; 2) To study of the relationship between environmental factors, including ambient temperature, light intensity, and humidity and the internal temperature of the media.
Methods: There were two experiments between July 2017 and January 2018. The first experiment used water as a media. The second experiment used excreta as a media. Each experiment had three groups of pipes, each group with four pipes of different materials. The four pipe materials were PVC, iron, stainless steel, and aluminum. The three groups used a different configuration: unpainted, painted black, and painted black with a parabolic reflector Temperature in each experimental unit were measured every hour during daytime (09.00 to17.00) and ambient temperature, light intensity humidity and cloud cover were collected also.
Results: With water as a media, a maximum internal temperature of 80 °C was found in iron painted black with a parabolic reflector, with an average temperature of 39.8±13.2 °C (mean±S.D.). Ambient air temperature had the highest correlation with temperature of experimental units (r = 0.51 in unpainted aluminum) followed by light intensity (r = 0.22 in unpainted PVC).
With human excreta as a media, a maximum temperature of 71 ° C was found in aluminum painted black with a parabolic reflector, with an average temperature of 44.40 ± 7.03 °C. Light intensity had highest correlation with temperature of experimental units (r = 0.27 in aluminum with parabolic reflector) follow by ambient temperature (r = 0.19 in iron with parabolic reflector).
Conclusion: Solar radiation can increase temperatures of water and excreta to levels that may inactivate very strong pathogens. Iron, aluminum, and stainless steel, painted black with the addition of a parabolic reflector, could achieve temperatures higher than 65 °C in sunny weather.
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| Keyword |
human excreta, pipes, solar radiation |
| Author |
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| Reviewing Status |
มีผู้ประเมินอิสระ |
| Status |
ได้รับการตอบรับให้ตีพิมพ์ |
| Level of Publication |
ชาติ |
| citation |
false |
| Part of thesis |
true |
| Attach file |
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| Citation |
0
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Journal Publication
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