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Publication
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| Title of Article |
Sulfur, fresh cassava root and urea independently enhanced gas production, ruminal characteristics and in vitro degradability |
| Date of Acceptance |
9 September 2021 |
| Journal |
| Title of Journal |
BMC Veterinary Research |
| Standard |
ISI |
| Institute of Journal |
ฺBioMed Central |
| ISBN/ISSN |
1746-6148 |
| Volume |
2021 |
| Issue |
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| Month |
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| Year of Publication |
2021 |
| Page |
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| Abstract |
Abstract
Background: Total fresh cassava root (FCR) production was 275 million tonnes in 2018 which equals 61.1 % of the
total production, and Thailand produced 10.7 % FCR of the total production. FCR is one of the main energy source
for ruminant. The limitation of FCR utilization is due to the presence of hydrogen cyanide (HCN). The study aimed
to evaluate the effect of sulfur, urea and FCR at various levels on in vitro gas production, ruminal fermentation and
in vitro degradability. The study hypothesized that: (1) sulfur, urea and FCR have no interaction effect and (2) effect
of FCR and urea is related to sulfur addition.
Results: The study aimed to elucidate the optimum level of elemental sulfur, fresh cassava root (FCR) and urea and
their effect on in vitro gas production, ruminal fermentation, thiocyanate concentration, and in vitro degradability. A
3 × 2 × 4 in a completely randomized design were conducted. Factor A was level of sulfur at 0 %, 1 and 2 % of
concentrate dry matter (DM), factor B was level of urea at 2 and 4 % of concentrate DM, and factor C was level of
the FCR at 0, 200, 300 and 400 mg DM of the total substrate. The study found that elemental sulfur, urea and FCR
had no interaction effect on the kinetics of in vitro gas, ruminal fermentation, HCN and in vitro degradability.
Elemental sulfur supplementation (P < 0.05) significantly increased the in vitro gas produced from an insoluble
fraction (b), in vitro DM degradability and either neutral detergent fiber (NDF) or acid detergent fiber (ADF)
degradability and propionate (C3) concentration while decreased the ruminal HCN concentration. Urea levels
showed a (P < 0.05) significant increase of the potential extent of in vitro gas production, ruminal ammonia nitrogen
(NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA). Fresh cassava root supplementation (P < 0.05) significantly increased the
in vitro gas produced from an immediate soluble fraction (a), in vitro gas produced from insoluble fraction, in vitro
gas production rate constant, total VFA, C3 concentration and HCN while decreased ruminal pH, acetate and
butyrate concentration. It could be concluded that 2 % elemental sulfur, 4 % urea and 300 mg FCR showed a
greater effect on in vitro gas production, ruminal fermentation and HCN reduction. |
| Keyword |
Sulfur, Hydrogen cyanide, Gas production, Ammonia nitrogen, Propionic acid, Degradability |
| Author |
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| Reviewing Status |
มีผู้ประเมินอิสระ |
| Status |
ตีพิมพ์แล้ว |
| Level of Publication |
นานาชาติ |
| citation |
true |
| Part of thesis |
true |
| Attach file |
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| Citation |
0
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Journal Publication
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